Class 7 Weather Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate Notes
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Weather
What is the weather?
It is defined as the atmospheric condition of a place on a daily basis wrt the temperature, humidity, rainfall, etc.
- Weather is hour to hour, day-to-day condition of the atmosphere.
- The Weather of a place is never constant.
Also Read: Chapter 14 Electric Current and its Effects Class 7 Notes
Elements of Weather
What are the elements of Weather?
The elements of weather are the factors that define the weather of a place.
Humidity, temperature, Rainfall, Wind speed, and other factors are known as the elements of the weather.
Climate
Define Climate?
It can be defined as the prevailing weather conditions of a place for a long period of time, for example, 25 years.
Example- We know the temperature of Rajasthan is generally high throughout the year and it does not receive much rainfall so we can say that Rajasthan is a hot and dry place.
Rain Gauge
What is a Rain Gauge?
Rain Gauge is an instrument that is used to measure Rainfall. This consists of a measuring cylinder with a funnel on the top to collect the rainwater.
Adaptation
Explain Adaptation or What is Adaptation?
Adaptation can be defined as the modification or change in the body or behavior of an organism so that helps it can survive in a particular environment.
For Example – Polar bears and penguins adapted themselves to live in polar regions. Similarly, animals like elephants, tiger etc. have adapted themselves to live in tropical rainforest regions.
Polar Regions
Discuss climate of Polar regions?
The area of the earth that surrounds the North Pole and the South Pole is called the Polar Region.
Some Countries of Polar Regions are-
Canada, Alaska (US state), Greenland, Iceland, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Siberia.
The climate of the polar region is extremely cold throughout the year and receives heavy snow.
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The sun does not rise for 6 months of the year in the polar region and then It stays up for the next 6 months.
The temperature in the polar region can be as low as -37°C.
Adaptation of Polar Bears
Polar Bears in the polar regions have adapted themselves to the conditions prevailing there.
- Polar Bears have white fur. This helps them to hide in the white snowy background and protect themselves from hunters or predators.
- It also helps them to catch their prey.
- The thick fur also protects them from the cold.
- Polar bears are also good swimmer. They swim in hot days to keep themselves cool.
- Polar bears have wide and large paws for better walking and swimming.
- Polar Bears have strong sense of smell.
Adaptation of Penguins
Penguins are another type of animals that you would see in the polar regions. They have adapted themselves with time.
- Penguins are also whit in color to hide themselves from predators.
- They are good also swimmers.
- The huddle together to keep themselves warm.
Describe adaptation of different animals of Polar regions to the climate?
Try to write the answer of this question by yourself.
Tropical Rainforest Regions
Discuss climate of tropical rainforest regions?
The tropical regions on the earth are the regions which are close to the equator and hence receive more amount of sunlight during the year.
The tropical regions on the earth are the regions which are close to the equator and hence receive more amount of sunlight during the year.
Because of this, these areas have a hot climate.
The temperature in tropical regions can be as high as 40° C and can drop until 15º C only.
The length of the day and night are almost equal in these regions.
However, there is a lot of rainfall and so the tropical rainforests are found in this region.
The Tropical rainforests are home to a wide variety of vegetation and animals.
Some Countries of Tropical Rainforest Regions are-
Brazil, Republic of Congo, Kenya, Uganda, Nigeria, India, Malaysia, and Indonesia.
The major types of animals found in the Tropical regions are- monkeys, apes, gorillas, tigers, elephants, leopards, lizards, snakes, etc.